Rembrandt is his biography

Rembrandt Harmenus van Rein. His father was a miller, apparently rich enough to give his son a good education and arrange him in a year at the University of Leiden. But Rembrandt did not last long - he decided to become an artist. For three years he has been working as an apprentice with one Leiden artist, and then for six months he studies painting from Peter Lastman in Amsterdam.

Lastman, a skilled master who studied in Italy, introduced Rembrandt to the effect of chiaroscuro, which is used to transmit volume and disclosure of the drama of action. This technique will become the main thing in the artist’s work. The subsequent years of Rembrandt works in Leeden, having won the reputation of the master of biblical and mythological scenes. In or at the beginning of the year, he moves to Amsterdam, where he immediately gains fame by writing "Lesson of the Anatomy of Dr.

Tulip." He lives with the Khendrika Van Eilbürch trading merchant, who patronizes him, arranges orders for portraits, which creates a young artist a reputation as a fashionable successful master. In the year, Rembrandt successfully married Hendrika Saskiy's niece, and by the year he and his wife acquired a magnificent house in the capital. Before the beginning of the x.

In the famous masterpiece of this period - “Samota with Saskia on the knees” near, the art gallery, Dresden Rembrandt portrayed himself with his young wife at the festive table. Delicate overflows of golden tones, streams of light, piercing the picture, convey the joyful mood of the young and successful artist and his wife, full of hopes and dreams. But - three of his children died in infancy, and only the son of Titus, born in the year, did not suffer this fate.

However, next year Saskia died. Nevertheless, it is at this time that Rembrandt writes his most famous painting “Night Watch” and reaches the peak of glory. In the "Night Watch", Rembranda is a newly decided by the genre of group portrait, traditional for Dutch art. The painting, Reix Musum, Amsterdam is a group portrait of members of the rifle guild and was decided by the artist as a real scene on the street.

Rembrandt refused the static location of all participants accepted at that time, creating a scene full of movement. The contrasts of light and shadow, the emotionality of painting convey the excitement of the event. The picture acquires a historical character, telling about courageous people who are ready with weapons in their hands to defend the freedom and national independence of their homeland.

The customers did not understand the artist’s plan, and starting with this picture, the conflict with the dominant environment will intensify, but he will not reduce the energy of the master, and Rembrandt will still create realistic canvases, remarkable in the strength of emotional influence. Over the years, Rembrandt's realistic skill deepens. He refuses unnecessary details and decorative effects in favor of greater depth and emotional tension of the artistic image.

A very large place in the artist’s work begins to occupy a chamber portrait. Rembrandt reveals the spiritual life of a person, as if lasting in time and prostrage. This is a kind of portraits-biography. These are, for example, “Portrait of the Old Woman”, “Hendrickier by the Window”, “Reading Titus”, portraits of friends of the artist N. Braining, J. Six, numerous self -portraits of more than a hundred oil and coal.

Rembrandt always paid great attention to etching and drawing, and soon became the largest master of graphic equipment in Europe. Portraits and landscapes performed by him in the etching technique, household and religious scenes were distinguished by novelty artistic techniques, deep psychologism of images, the wealth of chiaroscuro, expressiveness and laconicism of the lines. About two thousand drawings of Rembrandt reached us.

Among them are preparatory sketches, sketching drawings for picturesque works, sketching scenes of everyday life and ideas born in his imagination. After the x, Rembrand's personal life becomes confusing, although evidence that have come down to us is extremely difficult to interpret. In the year, he hired a nanny for Titus - the widow of Gertier Dirks.

In the year, she filed a lawsuit against Rembrandt for violation of the contract, and a year later she was in prison, and on the contents of the artist. Whether there was a generosity on his part or, on the contrary, he deliberately hid Herther in jail, we were not destined to find out. The witness of the trial is the young maid Hendrickier Stoffels, who entered the employees to Rembrandt for about a year.

She could well cause his break with Gerther.

In any case, until the death of the artist, she remained his housekeeper and lover. With the tenderness of the written face in the painting “Virsavia” and on many other equally famous works of the 10ths, undoubtedly the face of Hendrickye. There is reason to believe that she was a faithful companion of Rembrandt and enjoyed his trust. In the year, Hendrickier became pregnant.

The local Protestant church condemned her, but soon the girl was left alone. In October, she gave birth to Rembrandt daughter Cornelia. In the beginning of the 10ths, the artist creates one masterpiece after another. He has already gone out of fashion, but rich customers were not translated.So the bankruptcy, which befell Rembrandt in the year, is probably a consequence of incorrect business, as a result of which the house was sold in the year.

Titus and Hendrickier create a company and invite Rembrandt to work for them so that their paintings do not fall into the hands of creditors. I had to move to the outskirts of Amsterdam. Against the background of such human passions and disorder at the end of the creative path, Rembrandt writes a grandiose canvas “Return of the Prodigal Son” near, Hermitage.

The gospel parable about the young man who left the house, washed down the fortune and miserable, ragged, humiliated returned to his father, the artist fills with deeply human content. The noble idea of ​​love for a suffering person is revealed here in the images striking in life persuasiveness. The face of the old half -glued father and the gesture of his hands express endless kindness, and the figure of his son in a dirty robbery, clinging to his father, is sincere and deep repentance.

Perhaps no other Rembrandt canvas causes so many deep and compassionate feelings. Rembradt taught his spectators love and forgiveness. In the future, in recent years and months, Rembrandt's life is proceeding in appearance. Having survived Hendrickye and Titus, he died on October 4. As often happens in the history of art, despite his ingenious talent, Rembrandt died in poverty and loneliness, forgotten, unnecessary master.

But the further the time runs, the more valuable in the eyes of mankind the artist’s legacy. We can say without exaggeration that Rembrandt is one of the greatest artists in the history of world art. Many would call him unsurpassed. The grave of Rembrandt was lost, but his work will live for centuries. Recommended sites from Rembrandt: Gledis Schmitt. Research of the life and work of Rembrandt »Preface» Book One:.