Lermontov biography of poetry

Arsenyeva - and army captain Yu. Lermontov - - was unsuccessful. The early death of his mother and the quarrel of his father with her grandmother, E. Arsenyeva, had a heavily affected the formation of the poet's personality. Lermontov was brought up by his grandmother on the estate of Tarkhana of the Penza province; I received excellent home education foreign languages, drawing, music.

The romantic cult of the father and the corresponding interpretation of the family conflict were later reflected in the dramas of “Menschen und leidenschaften” “People and Passion”, the “strange man” are significant for the formation of Lermontov and the tradition of the legendary founder of his family - the Scottish poet Thomas Lermont. The strong impressions of childhood include trips to the Caucasus, with the city of Lermontov lives in Moscow.

He studies at the Moscow University noble boarding house September - March. Lermontov’s early poetic experiments testify to the gambling and unsystematic reading of pre -romantic and romantic literature: along with J. Byron and A. Pushkin, F. Schiller, V. Hugo, K. Batyushkov, philosophical lyrics of any wisdom are important for him; In his verses of this period - a lot of borrowed lines of fragments from the works of various authors from M.

Lomonosov to modern poets. Without thinking of a professional writer and not trying to print, Lermontov keeps a hidden lyrical diary, where strangers, sometimes contrasting formulas serve as an expression of the innermost truth about the great and incomprehensible soul. Experienced in - gg. Sushkova, N. Ivanova, V. Lopukhina become material for the corresponding lyric-evidence cycles, where the eternal, tragic conflict is hidden behind specific circumstances.

At the same time, work is underway on romantic poems-from frankly imitative “Circassians” to quite professional “Izmail-Bey” and “Litvinka”, testifying to the assimilation of the Lermontov genre byron-Pushkin canon, the exclusivity of the protagonist, the “signs of the composition” of the composition, the “disabilities” of the plot, exotic or historical color.

By the beginning of the x. Leaving the university for not entirely clear reasons, Lermontov in the city of high poetry during this period of Lermontov’s work is occupied by the unprintable poetry “Junker Poems”, the place of the tragic chosen one is a cynical strap, a reduced double of the “demon”. The story without a name, or the novel “Vadim” - at the same time, work on the novel “Vadim” is not completed, where the ultra -farm motifs and stylistic moves of the relationship of “Angel” and “Demon”, “Poetry of Ugrocadity”, language expression accompany the thoroughly outline of the historical background of Pugachev.

The luxurious panorama, deployed by Lermontov, serves as if the decoration, the background of key events of the novel. Here, in the monastery court, the heroes-antagonists will meet: outwardly ugly, but mighty the spiritual poor Vadim and the offender, who ruined his father, nobleman Boris Palitsyn. This will lead Vadim fate, as it were, specially, to be a damned unknown old woman.

It is here that the dissatisfaction of the poor people in power will flare up and flare up, outgrown into the formidable peasant riot. With great skill, Lermontov draws a picture of the rebellion, excitedly speaks of the landowner arbitrariness, which caused the Pugachevsky uprising. Two topics dominate in the work: the theme of popular retaliation, performed by unbridled anger, and the theme of the personal revenge of Vadim, a romantic hero, who "instead of the soul is only an insatiable sense of revenge." Vadim participates in the popular movement, but internally alien to him is deeply lonely.

The entire fabric of the narrative is permeated with ideas and stylistic methods of romanticism: passions are heated, paints are condensed to the limit, the contrasts of the image are especially distinct. Vadim’s demonic-the-native appearance of Vadim is opposed to the angelic-rocket image of Olga's sister, and his hatred, contempt for everything around him, a burning thirst for revenge-her meek and delicate heart.

The author addresses the realistic means of image in household scenes, especially in dialogs, reproducing living folk speech, spilled with proverbs and sayings. Princess Ligovskaya - realistic trends are significantly enhanced in Lermontov’s unfinished novel “Princess Ligovskaya”, abundantly saturated with autobiographical material. The accuracy and accuracy of the characteristics of the contemporary writer of society, the viability of the psychological drawing make the novel a noticeable phenomenon of literature x.

The conflict beloved by Lermontov - between man and the environment, personality and society - is reflected in different versions. This is a story of an outstanding, original nature - Pechorin, which has a “sharp and insightful” mind, without the illusions of erasing the cold burden of disappointment, a hopeless void of secular existence. This is a miserable fate of the official Krasinsky, constantly humiliated by higher and passionately striving to achieve his ambitious, unrealistic and vain desires.

This is the fate of Lisa Negurova, whom circumstances unfortunately reduced with Pechorin.The struggle between the naturalness of behavior and the cold of etiquette, between the voice of the heart and the bitterness of disappointment, is shown by the writer versatile and psychologically very subtle. The contrast of a wealthy, skeptical Pechorin to the poor, dusty dreamer Krasinsky exacerbates the social conflict of the novel.

With irony, Lermontov draws a secular aristocracy and its soulless representatives; sympathetically depicts those who are pretty to him: Princess Ligovskaya, Negurova. The hero of our time - if in the novel “Princess Ligovskaya” a picture is given a picture of Petersburg youth Pechorin, then in the next work - the novel “Hero of our Time” - the character is unfolded deeper and the versatile, psychological realism of Lermontov receives complete embodiment.

Initially, the multi -ginged novels that formed the basis of the novel were printed in “domestic notes” and, possibly, did not assume cyclization. The novel intently examines the phenomenon of modern man, and the antinomies inherent in the poetic world of Lermontov are carefully analyzed. According to the definition of Lermontov himself, it is “the history of the human soul”, “a portrait composed of the vices of our whole generation, in their full development”.

The peculiar structure of the novel, consisting of several stories, allows us to reveal the character of Pechorin from different points of view, to tell about him not only on behalf of the author or Maxim Maksimych, but also to give the detailed picture of the hero’s inner world. Pechorin keeps a diary, a “magazine”, in which it seems to confess in front of himself.

The tragic fate of an outstanding person, deprived of the opportunity to benefit with the boiling energy in modern society and therefore wasting it to trifles, is recreated by the writer in all complexity and inconsistency. But, analyzing the life of life in the decisive moment, he comes to the conclusion about the aimlessness and worthlessness of his own existence.

The restless nature of Pechorin constantly requires movement, action. The Caucasian fortress, a mountain aul, the shack of smugglers, the motley environment of the “water society” is only a background that shakes the image of a hero overwhelmed by a thirst for activity, but all his impulses are doomed, because he is not only a hero of his time, but also his victim.

As democratic criticism has repeatedly noted, comparing Pechorin with Onegin, Beltov, Rudin, Oblomov, he belongs to the generation of the so -called “extra people”, whose “future or empty, or dark” “Duma”. Other characters bred in the novel, as it were, set off the figure of the protagonist, complement, sometimes in contrast, an idea of ​​him. The constant introspection of the hero is expressed in his recognition: “I have long been living with my heart, but by my head.

I weigh, analyze my own passions and actions with strict curiosity, but without participation. There are two people in me: one lives in the full sense of the word, the other thinks and judges it. ” To emotionally convey the gamut of human experiences in a particular situation, to clarify the state of the human soul often helps Lermontov’s appeal to the descriptions of nature.

The landscape plays a significant role in the novel: it serves as a harmonious background of unfolding events, then contrasting the inconsistency of the heroes of the hero and the environment. The work is completed by the story “Fatalist”, in which the theme of the test of fate is dominated by: a person should fight the rock, and not blindly follow his premises.

Lermontov’s artistic skill, his ability to recreate in detail the subtlest nuances of human psychology, fascinating with its drama and acute the dynamics of the plot, along with the accuracy and simplicity of the style, expressiveness of linguistic means, and earned the novel inconsistent glory. Here you can see more in the recent in the reality of life - the future great painter of Russian life was prepared by the emergence of a separate publication of the novel April and the only lifetime collection “M.

Lermontov’s poem” October; Included “Mtsyri”, “The song about Tsar Ivan Vasilievich the last Lermontov attached special significance: he filed it in censorship three times and remade twice. By the beginning of G., Glory to Lermontov comes overnight - with the poem “The Death of the Poet”, a response to the last duel of Pushkin. The text spreads widely in the lists, is highly appreciated both in the Pushkin circle and the audience, who heard their own pain and indignation in these verses.

The final lines of the poem, with sharp attacks against the highest aristocracy, caused the anger of Nicholas I. Lermontov was arrested and soon transferred the ensign to the Nizhny Novgorod Dragoon Regiment to the Caucasus. The link lasted until October G. Odoevsky, as well as with V. Belinsky, studied the eastern folklore record of the fairy tale “Ashik-Kerib”.

Publication in the city from April to April. Lermontov serves in the Life Guards of the Hussar Regiment, confidently conquering the "large light" and the world of literature. Relations with the Pushkin Circle - the Karamzins family, P. Vyazemsky, V. Zhukovsky, are established thanks to the mediation of the latter in the "Contemporary" in the cityKraevsky Publication “Songs about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich Lermontov is part of the front-line-aristocratic“ Sixteen Circle ”.

In the mature lyrics of Lermontov, the theme of modern society dominates - limp, reflecting, not capable of acting, passion, creativity. Without separating himself from the sick generation, the Duma, expressing doubts about the possibilities of the existence of poetry here and now the “poet”,; "Do not believe yourself",; “Journalist, reader and writer,”, skeptically evaluating life as such “Both boring and sad Odoevsky”,; "M.

Shcherbatova ”, God -fraud“ Gratitude ”, the motives of the impossibility of love and destructive beauty“ Three palm trees ”,; “Cliff”, “Tamara”, “Leaf”, “Sea Princess”, are adjacent to the search for mental peace associated with the deideologized by the national tradition “Homeland”, “Dispute”, both, then with the mystical exit beyond the limits of earthly doom “I go out of the same tense oscillation between the poles of world spite and love for being, and love for being.

Earthly and Heavenly, curse and blessing inherent in the tops of Lermontov - the last edition of the Demon and Mtsyri, Duel Lermontov with the son of the French ambassador E. Through Moscow, he meets with the Slavophiles and N. Gogol at his birthday dinner, the poet is serving to the Caucasus, where he takes part in the fighting of the Battle of the Valerik River, described in the poem “I write to you by accident - the right in January G.

Lermontov thinks out plans for resignation and further literary activity is known for the intention of intention to take the magazine. Returning to the Caucasus, Lermontov is delayed in Pyatigorsk for treatment in mineral waters.

A random quarrel with a fellow student at the Junker school N.