Kuzma Black Biography

Advertising Subscription Today: As soon as the Society on May 6, Belorussian Dostoevsky died at 44: what does the grave of the writer Kuzma Chorny look like, who wrote the last lines a few minutes before his death, the famous Belarusian writer survived torture in the NKVD prison in the year. Photo: NLB. That year, he just entered the literary department of the Faculty of Pedagogical Faculty of BSU.

Literary critics highly appreciated the work of the young writer, his subtle psychologism and drama and called Chorny "Belarusian Dostoevsky." And Yakub Kolas will later call him "the Belarusian whip Gamsun." The real name of the writer was Nikolai Romanovsky, but he took the pseudonym “Kuzma Chornna” in honor of his grandfather Mikhail Paryk, who had the nickname Mikhas Chorny.

The future classic of Belarusian literature was born in a year in a peasant family in Slutsk district now this Kopyl region. His parents worked for Edward Voinilovich, who built the Red Church in Minsk.

Nikolai’s mother dreamed that her son was educated, and her dream came true. At the age of 26, Kuzma Chorny headed the literary association "Knesysh" and became the editor -in -chief of the magazine of the same name. A year later, he married Rebezka Sveranovskaya. This was the second marriage of the writer. With the first wife, poetess Ida Chyrvan, the real name of Zinaida Kobrik, the relationship did not work out.

They were so complicated that the writer even thought about suicide. At 28, Chorny became a father - a daughter was born with Rebekah. Father gave her a beautiful Belarusian name Rogned. True, in life she was usually called Ira. Kuzma Chorny with the only daughter Rognede, year. And she named her only son in honor of Father Nikolai. He became a linguist and translator. But his famous grandfather was not destined to take his grandson in the hands of his grandson - Kuzma Chorny passed away at 44 years old.

The writer's health undermined the arrest of the year. By the way, the fact that his son was repressed, the writer's father learned from fellow villagers in the bazaar. And he did not survive this news. He came home, tied the broom, went to bed and did not wake up. The story of Chorny’s arrest was standard for those terrible Stalin's times - with the help of torture from the writer, they wanted to knock out a confession that he was a “national fascist and a Polish spy”.

In the MG internal affairs, Yezhov issued an order approved by Stalin on an operation to repress anti -Soviet elements. In Belarus, the list of such elements fell into the list of such elements, among others, the best writers, science and culture figures. I survived torture and bullying. He was demanded to testify in court against the writer Nikolai Fedorovich-Chernushevich.

But at the process, he abandoned his previous testimony and stated that he sent a letter to Ponomarenko in the name of Ponomarenko, in which he described how the information was knocked out of him. How miraculously the Chorny remained alive then is unknown. And then there was a war and evacuation to Moscow. By the way, in the year the writer suffered a stroke, and after him he began to lose his vision.

But he took a sheet of paper, put a stencil on it and, groping out the lines with his fingers, continued to write. In September, GO Kuzma Chorny and his family returned to Minsk destroyed by the war, worked in the editorial office of Belarus magazine. A few months before, the writer began to keep a diary. It was first published - by a third reduced by editing and censorship - in the journal "Father" in the year.

A monument of black granite on the grave of Kuzma Chorny. The writer was buried in a military cemetery. On his grave monument from black granite, two names - the first is the one that he himself put on the covers of his books - Kuzma Chorny, and the second - the real name Nikolai Romanovsky.