Karl Schmidt Biography

In - gg. A professor at the Universities of Graifswald and Bonn, the Higher School in Berlin, became close to E. Yunger and other leaders of the “Conservative Revolution”, Schmitt becomes one of the most influential critics of the Weimar Republic and modern parliamentarism, defends the principles of the authoritarian state and strong presidential power. From G. after attacks in the city in the works - gg.

From the origins of the modern idea of ​​sovereignty to the proletarian class struggle ”, Russian translation; "Political theology", Russian translation; “The spiritual and historical state of modern parliamentarism”, Russian translation; "The doctrine of the Constitution",; “Legality and legitimacy”, Russian translation; “The concept of political”, the Russian translation, the afterword of A.

Filippov Schmitt, considering political concepts as secularized theological concepts, in a polemic with representatives of liberalism and positivist normativism develops the concept of “decisionism” from lat. Schmitt contrasts the subjectiveism of the political theory of romanticism as a “expression of an individual national spirit” by a providential understanding of the state among representatives of the Catholic “counter -revolution” by J.

Bonald, H. Donoso Cortes.

The basis for Schmitt is the concept of “political” forms “distinction between a friend and enemy”, characterizing the “highest degree of intensity of the connection or separation” in the confrontation of the “struggling set of people”, the ultimate expression of which is the war, including civilian. The concepts of “humanity”, “justice” or “peace” are the essence for Schmitt is only an excuse for the political action, behind which there are the dominance of some groups of people over others.

After the Nazis came to power, Schmitt develops a new theory of law: in contrast to “decisionism”, “concrete thinking about the order” justifies the right of historically established social institutions. After the 2nd World War, Schmitt is increasingly focusing on the problems of international law. The main work of Schmitt of the late period is “Nomos of the Earth in the law of the peoples of Jus Publicum Europaeum”, the Russian translation proceeds from the end of the Westphalian system of international relations, which intended the war of a limited scale between sovereign national states and the battles of regular armies like a duel, and raises the question of the “new nomosa of the land”.

Nomos Greek. All orders before globalization were land; After the opening of the New World and the capture of the colonies, the first global nomos of the Earth arose, which rested on a certain attitude of the spatial orders of land and the sea and served as the basis for Eurocentric international law. The formation of a new nomos of the Earth is associated with the technical revolution and is accompanied by the emergence of a new dimension - airspace, which erases the differences in land and sea.

In a situation of artificial universalization of international law, improving the effectiveness of technical means of destroying and business -in -order theater of military operations, the war turns into a police action. In order to avoid discrimination of the enemy and global political unification, behind which, according to Schmitt, the United States stands, it is necessary to return to the true political pluralism, based on the existence of many viable “large spaces” and retaining the classical right of war with a clear distinction between war and the world, the enemy and the criminal.

Schmitt had a great influence on the legal thought of Germany, modern theorists of both the left and right -wing spectrum in different countries of the world actively turn to his political science ideas. Published on May 24, the latest update on May 24 to contact the editors.