Vsevolod Vladimirovich Vladimirov Biography

The story about the unknown feat of the scout was almost the best way to realize this plan. On the instructions of Andropov, the writer Julian Semenov came up with his hero in the middle of x. In M, according to Semenov’s novels, two paintings were shot at once - “Password is not needed” directed by Boris Grigoryev about the Civil War in the Far East - for the film distribution and “Major Vortic”, Evgeny Tashkov about the Great Patriotic War - for television.

However, the Soviet intelligence officer Vladimirov-Isaev was only along the edge of these stories: he was not a central character. Andropov, who was reported to the success of the films, cut out the time to watch them, and realized that Julian Semenov is exactly the author that is needed. The writer was invited to the Lubyanka, and the KGB chief invited him to turn just a good intelligence officer Maxim Isaev into a “superagent” acting in the heart of the Third Reich.

He was given access to archival materials about Soviet intelligence officers who worked in Nazi Germany at different times, but, of course, far from everyone. Experience in the archives took almost a year. And the story, according to his daughter Olga, he composed in just 17 days. Hence, by the way, the name. Semenov really knew how to write quickly. He was fascinated by the process of mining, intoxicated the opportunity to join secrets unknown to mere mortals.

He considered the literary “cut” of the produced treasures that he considered it as a routine: not only to go to a new adventure at the written table. As a result, the Seventeen Moments of Spring came out in the last numbers of the magazine "Moscow" in a year. The story fell into the hands of the director Tatyana Liosnova. The plot captured immediately, I wanted to film it. For Tatyana Mikhailovna, who had not turned to the military theme, this was a matter of honor: her family lost all men into the war - her father and three mother’s brothers went to the front with volunteers and died in the first year of the Great Patriotic War.

However, it was completely uninteresting to shoot the militant as the director, and she harshly processed the script written by Semenov. Three years later, when the tape was handed over the artistic council of the M. Gorky film studio, one of the speakers spoke categorically: “I read the novel by Julian Semenova. It was a typical detective. And Liosnova managed to raise it to the heights of the psychological film.

” Everything is determined by the proportions of Liosnova, she selected the performers, losing the whole picture with different combinations of the actors. But there are more than 30 key characters! In the role of Stirlitz, she saw the Innocent of Smoktunovsky: the theoretical physicist Ilya Kulikov in the cult “nine days of one year”, in her opinion, possessed all the features of the intellectual intelligence officer.

Unfortunately, Innocent Mikhailovich had a very dense schedule in the theater and in the cinema, he could not give three years a filming in the television movie. But the director went to the trick and made Efim Zakharovich in the “inner voice” of Stirlitz, convincing the artist that he “knows how to pronounce the simplest text so that it seems - he knows much more than he says.” So the Single voice went to Kopelana.

In favor of Vyacheslav Tikhonov, his history teacher Ilya Melnikov from the film “We will live until Monday” played. According to Semenov, when meeting with Stirlitz, Borman is trying to remember where he could see him, and he tells: “When you handed me an iron cross, you said that I had a face of a professor of mathematics, not a spy.” Tikhonov was supposed to play “not a spy” here.

Having burned in the image, Vyacheslav Vasilievich often asked himself, and he could become a scout, and each time he came to the categorical “no”. The character was molded from the contrary: “I was busy with the search for material that would help me the image of Stirlitz to ground as much as possible. I wanted my hero to not look superchanged. ” The first deputy Andropov, Colonel General Semen Zvigun, overshadowed the picture.

He took advantage of the name of his son for the pseudonym and in the credits is indicated as S. Oleg Tabakov recalled: “We took off the scene when the artist Lanov and I in the role of General Wolf and two stenographers should enter the himler bunker. Colonel Kolh was silent, was silent, and when we rushed into the bunker, he said: "No, this is impossible. They were intelligent people, they let the women go ahead." Of the consultants under their name in the credits, only Hinz Brown is indicated.

He fought in North Africa under the command of General Erwin Rommel, after he was injured at the service of the SS troops, he was captured on the Eastern Front and, having served his sentence, remained in the Soviet Union. He was an announcer in the editorial office of the all -Union radio, starred in the cinema and often acted as an expert in Nazi military uniforms.

In the process of filming “Moments”, Brown participated in the creation of every uniform, and a lot of them were made - the leading sewing workshops of the country, including the “general” studio of the USSR Ministry of Defense, worked for Lioznova.Only for the Stirlitz, more than a hundred white shirts, civilian costumes, a front and field shape, coats, raincoats, even a tailcoat, in which the hero of Tikhonov appears in the frame for just a few tens of seconds, was sewn in the frame of the embassy reception in the company with Schellenberg, also dressed in the tailcoat.

Liosnova did everything in order to ensure reliability. For the scene of the meeting at the airfield of General Karl Wolf Tabakov - Schellenberg, the masters from the specialist of the Ministry of Defense sewed the ceremonial overcoat of the SS brigadenführer, copying the genuine thing in details. But I remembered for half a century! Famous artists in the role of fascists in the film are many historical characters.

The portrait resemblance of performers with the originals of Liosnov cared little, the internal coincidence of acting nature with its intention was more important. This was not always possible the first time. So, Leonid Kuravlev was invited to the role of Hitler. The photo tests turned out to be excellent, but he did not coincide with the Fuhrer too much, and Tatyana Mikhailovna found for the actor a much more advantageous role of Kurt Iceman - SS Obersturmbannführer, in which the remnants of conscience sometimes wake up.

And so that Kuravlev does not complex because of his non-Aryanishness, he was supplied with an expressive black bandage in the eye and an overlaid eagle nose. As a result, the wonderful German artist Fritz Dits transformed into Hitler. He had already played the Fuhrer several times in his homeland and did not want to return to this image anymore. He was hardly persuaded to star in the "Liberation" film epic, and when it became clear that Kuravlev did not fit, the stern had to beg again.

He could not resist the pressure of the "iron lady" of Soviet cinema. By the way, after the Nazis came to power, the young communist Dits was forced to emigrate to Switzerland. Yuri Vizbor and Vasily Lanovi with their characters did not have much external resemblance, but Partygenosse Martin Bormann and General Karl Wolf became real acting successes for them. In the film Liosnova, experienced theater actor Leonid Broneva received his first large role in the cinema.

And right away - Gestapo chief Henry Müller, the chief antagonist Stirlitz. He more than once went from the director for falling out of the frame: Bronevo could not remember where the camera “sees” him and where not. I had to draw crosses on the floor with a chalk. The famous gesture, which brought infernal horror on the audience, everyone considered a successful acting find, but many years later Leonid Sergeyevich admitted that the whole thing was in too close collars on shirts that were purchased for the whole picture and replacement.

However, the gesture turned out to be so expressive that it was "fixed." At first, it was unhappy with his role with his role, but the first meeting with the audience convinced him: this is a success. And in the vocabulary of the actor forever the crown phrase remained: “How did I re -turn you?! In five minutes, without any tricks. ” Oleg Tabakov, who successfully starred in the cinema, brought the role of Schellenberg into a new orbit.

Before that, on the screen, he was a "young hero." Schellenberg has temperament, experience, and excerpt other than “boys” from thawing plays or Rostov’s Knostov from “War and Peace”. Outwardly, he really reminded his character something, and charm was over the edge. Subsequently, Oleg Pavlovich, in his proprietary humorous manner, told how, after the premiere, it was clearly satisfied with the success of the picture of Andropov called Liososov and several actors to his home - to celebrate the event and discuss the film.

For all his life, Tabakov was remembered by Andropov’s phrase: “Oleg, so play the brigadenführer SS ... It's just immoral! Even Schellenberg’s niece was fascinated, who sent the artist the Christmas card with words of gratitude, admitting that in life her beloved uncle Walter was just that. In a word, the director’s accurate calculation of many actors brought well -deserved fame.

The resident’s women initially in the script were only one female role. But Liosnova felt: in order to “humanize” Stirlitz with his “Nordic” character and the absence of defamatory ties, one radio operator of Kat Katya Kozlova - few. So the idea of ​​“marry” Stirlitz was born. Rather, Maxim Isaev ... The scene of the silent meeting of Stirlitz and his wife who entered all the filmmakers was dismantled in seconds and professionals, and admirers of the picture.

Such "meetings at a distance" for scouts were really arranged, but were furnished in a completely different way. Both the consultants and the director understood that they were going along the razor blade, composing a lyrical line of the picture, nevertheless retained the scene. At first, the little son of Isaev also participated in the plot, but the baby switched the attention of his parents, lowering the intensity of their silent “dialogue”.

However, the trace of this plan remained - several frames, where Stirlitz, leaning on the bar, plays a chain with a keychain in the form of a small flat disk. This is a copper plate, divorced from the toy clown that the boy was holding: her mother picked her up from the floor and laid it on a saucer, and Stirlitz after their departure managed to take this plate unnoticed from the table.The scene completely went into the basket, only a keychain remained, who would not say anything to the viewer ...

A devoted ally in a foreign land, a faithful and loving wife in his homeland - it seems to be enough. But not for Lioznova. She came up with two more characters on the move - the old woman Frau Zaurich and her companion Gabi. The storyline was born in rehearsals right on the site, although Tatyana Mikhailovna did not like improvisations. However, actresses Emilia Milton and Svetlana Svetlichny so accurately embodied the director’s plans that she came up with more and more episodes for this amazing duet.

Until a slight hint of a possible romance of Stirlitz, who once abandoned meaningfully: "Gabi, as a chess partner, you do not interest me." As Tatyana Liosnova later said, "I had to increase the world of people around the Stirlitz - so that he would be surrounded not only by the SS overcoats." Cranes fly the first picture by Colonel General Semen Zvigun. For him, a small table with a lamp and a pile of paper was put.

The first time the lamp was lit on the frames with flying cranes. The general began to record something. Liosnova was horrified: what's wrong with birds? Do you fly in the wrong direction? Are they wings not in the way?