Korolenka biography

Korolenko was born on July 15 in Zhytomyr in the family of a judicial official of the Ukrainian noble family his image is captured in the story “In a bad society” and “History of my contemporary” and mother, Polish, Catholics from the gentry class. He studied in the Zhytomyr and Rivne gymnasiums, whose students were Ukrainians, Russians, Poles, Jews. The multinational environment, a variety of cultural traditions imposed a special print on his work, art manner.

The future writer subsequently repeatedly protested against national oppression and religious intolerance. His worldview took shape under the influence of the works of I. Turgenev, N. Nekrasov, M. Saltykov-Shchedrin, D. Pisarev, N. After the death of his father, Korolenko was left without the means of existence, Korolenko had two more brothers and sister.

Having settled in St. Petersburg, the future writer, along with his brothers, took up painting atlas and proofreading work. At the end, the first literary experiments of Korolenko appeared in the press, but at that time the author was not seen by the reading public. His debut story “Episodes from the life of the Seeker” “Word”, written during the period when the writer was passionate about the ideas of “truth -seeing”, testified to a high moral upsurge that covered Russian youth, and called for living in the name of social good.

This mood largely determined the further personal and creative fate of the writer. In the city, he successfully passed the entrance exams at the Petrovsky Agricultural Academy in Moscow, but he did not study for long, in G. in this regard was exiled to Vyatka on the way to the place of exile, the story “Wonderful” was written, published a quarter of a century later, in the city spent in Vyatka, Korolenko considered the best.

G. Uspensky, depicting the "living life of living people." Having received in the city after he refused to swear to Emperor Alexander III, in the G. The harsh but beautiful nature of Eastern Siberia, the difficult environment of the settlers, the peculiar psychology of the Siberians, whose life was full of the most incredible adventures, was reflected in the Siberian essays of Korolenko: “Makar's Dream” ” In the image of the protagonist, which seemed to have long lost the human appearance, the author nevertheless saw a man.

The source of Makar's retreats from the truth is that no one taught him to distinguish good from evil. An essay written in a poetic language, possessing a masterfully knocked plot, brought the writer a real success. Following Makar’s sleep, the story “In a Far Society”, G., in the work of the writer, appeared the motive of the “outcasts”. The story is better known in the abbreviated version for children's reading as “children of the dungeon”.

Korolenko settled in Nizhny Novgorod, remaining under the supervision of the police. However, he was allowed to engage in journalism, literary work. The Verkhnevolzhsky life with all its adversities and little joys organically entered the writer's books. The stories were written here: “On the Eclipse”, G. The writer created the image, at first glance, a disaster, but actually charming, captivating the sincerity of the carrier of Tyulin, who in his unsuitable craft put the artist’s soul.

Ten years spent in Nizhny Novgorod turned out to be very fruitful for the writer. He was engaged in literary work, conducted active social activities: he helped organize assistance to the starving, acquired personal happiness married to Avdotya Semenovna Ivanovskaya, in October they had the eldest daughter. Here he received reader recognition; He met A. Chekhov, L.

Tolstoy, N. Chernyshevsky and others. Her main hero has an irresistible craving for the light that he had never seen. In the work, the realism of the image of reality is harmoniously combined with the idealism of worldview. The main topic that excites the writer is the triumph of the spiritual principle in man over the material sides of life. The story was translated into European languages ​​and interested P.

Verlen, who saw in it a model of new art. Korolenko crossed the ocean to visit the World Artistic and Industrial Exhibition in Chicago. The writer did not like America decisively. This trip strengthened him in the rejection of the bourgeois world. Korolenko’s interest in “psychology of universal longing for the unattainable” “Letters to A. Gornfeldo "can also be traced in the story" At night "G.

A child who feels the" secret "of birth and death, according to the author, wiser than a medical student. The rationalists saw in this story the bias of the author towards metaphysics. The best journalistic works of the writer include the article “On the complexity of life” - a reminder of the continuity of generations of the Russian intelligentsia, whose task is to protect the personal freedom of man.

In gg. Korolenko was a member of the editorial office of the Russian Wealth magazine in St. Petersburg with the city of the writer believed that civil society is not sufficiently developed in Russia, the legal consciousness of the people is extremely weak, and he himself was almost absent from the human rights activist at trials.Here he completed the cycle of Siberian stories “Sovereign Coopers”, “Frost”, “Feudals”, “The Last Ray”, wrote the story “Not Scary”.

Gorky at the Academy of Sciences. In the year, when the censorship was somewhat weakened, he began to work on the artistic annals of his generation, wrote it with large breaks until the end of his days.

The “history of my contemporary”, designed in the literary tradition of the “past and thoughts” of Herzen, appeared in the GG. The February Revolution of G. reacted coolly to the October coup, and during the Civil War he sharply opposed the bloody suppression of peasant uprisings, stigmatized the revolutionary terror of six letters by A. Lunacharsky, in the year, being seriously ill, refused to leave Russia and go to be treated abroad.

In the eyes of contemporaries, he remained a “moral genius”, a man of high moral principles, the righteous of Russian literature. Korolenko Orenburg Territory interested the Pugachevsky uprising. For the first time in the Orenburg Territory, in Buguruslan, Korolenko was on the way to Ufa. In July, Korolenko visited with. Korolenko’s interest was due to the fact that Ilek was the first to recognize Pugachev “king”, here he was met with bread and salt.

In the essay on the description of Ilek, there are pages where Korolenko reaches special artistic power. This is a wonderful scene of a peculiar song contest of the old and young Cossacks in the tavern "Plevna". Researchers compared this scene, by the power of artistic penetration, with the “singers” I. This scene and all the essays “among the Cossacks” were highly appreciated by L.

Tolstoy and A.