Auler biography

In the city of St. Petersburg, Ayler fell into the circle of outstanding scientists: mathematicians, physicists, astronomers, received great opportunities for the creation and publication of his labors. He worked with enthusiasm and soon became, according to the unanimous recognition of contemporaries, the first mathematician in the world. Euler's scientific heritage is striking in its volume and versatility.

The list of his works is more than names. The full collected works of the scientist are 72 volumes. Among his work, the first textbooks on differential and integral calculation. In the theory of numbers, Auler continued the activities of the French mathematician P. Farm and proved a number of statements: a small farm theorem, a great farm theorem for indicators 3 and 4. He formulated the problems that determined the horizons of the theory of numbers for decades.

Auler proposed applying a means of mathematical analysis in the theory of numbers and took the first steps along this path. He understood that, moving on, you can assess the number of prime numbers that do not exceed N, and outlined the statement, which would then be proved in the XIX century. Chebyshev and J. Euler works a lot in the field of mathematical analysis.

Here he constantly uses complex numbers. The scientist first developed a general doctrine of the logarithmic function, according to which all complex numbers, except zero, have logarithms, and each number corresponds to countless values ​​of the logarithm. In geometry, Ayler laid the foundation for a completely new field of research, which later grew into an independent science.

Even the main results of the scientific activity of Euler are difficult to list. Here is the geometry of curves and surfaces, and the first presentation of variational calculus with numerous new specific results.

He had works on hydraulics, shipbuilding, artillery, geometric optics, and even the theory of music. For the first time, he gives an analytical presentation of mechanics instead of the geometric presentation of Newton, builds a solid mechanics, and not just a material point or a solid plate. One of the most remarkable achievements of Euler is associated with astronomy and heavenly mechanics.

He built the exact theory of the movement of the moon, taking into account the attraction of not only the earth, but also the sun. This is an example of solving a very difficult problem. The last 17 years of Euler's life have been overshadowed by almost complete loss of vision. But he continued to create as intensively as in his young years. Only now he no longer wrote himself, but dictated to the students who conducted the most bulky calculations for him.

For many generations of mathematicians, Euler was a teacher. According to his mathematical guidelines, books on mechanics and physics, several generations studied. The main content of these books also included in modern textbooks.