Dates of Lomonosov biographies

He studied the most diverse sciences and made many discoveries, wrote scientific works and taught in academies. Lomonosov became the author of many inventions and developed a plan for creating the first university in Russia. On his initiative, Moscow University appeared, in which representatives of all classes could study. The father owned a small vessel on which he transported state and private cargo, fishing and hunted.

Since childhood, Lomonosov helped his father and quickly studied everything - he had to continue the family business. The boy began to study a letter late, at the age of 12. Then, with Lomonosov, the clerk Semen Sabelnikov, one of the best students of the Podiria and Singing School at the Kholmogorsk Bishop's House, was engaged in. The study was given to Lomonosov easily, and soon he became one of the best readers in the local church.

Therefore, I wanted to move to one of these cities. Father and stepmother did not support his aspirations: at that time, classes of science did not bring wealth or glory. They wanted to marry their son as soon as possible, hoping that family chores would knock out “nonsense” from him. But Mikhail Lomonosov decided to leave his native village to Moscow - to study. In December, Mikhail Lomonosov escaped from home and went with a fish convoy to Moscow.

He studied diligently, so after six months he was transferred from the lower class to the second, and in the same year - to the third. Classes at the Moscow Academy gave Lomonosov a humanitarian education. To study the natural sciences, he went to the Kiev-Mogilyansk Academy. But, having stayed there for only a few months, the young scientist returned to Moscow. In addition to natural sciences, he was engaged in foreign languages, dancing, drawing, literature and fencing.

In the year, the scientist decided to return to Russia, but on the way he was seized and recruited to the Prussian army. Having served several weeks, Lomonosov deserted. He managed to return to his homeland only a year later. In St. Petersburg, the scientist wrote two dissertations. For scientific works, he received the post of physical class of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences: now Lomonosov could participate in the work of the Academic Assembly and engage in science on his own.

By the age of 34, the scientist wrote four new dissertations and decided to ask him to be appointed professor at the Academy. The meeting of academics approved the works of the scientist, and he received the title of professor of chemistry. Lomonosov began to teach at the university, to print scientific treatises in Latin, to give public lectures in physics.

In parallel, he was engaged in literary work - he wrote poetry about state events. Soon, the financial situation of the scientist improved, he received the house, and a little later, the first chemical laboratory was erected in the courtyard of this house with state money in the courtyard of this house. The scientist paid attention not only to the spread of foreign works, but also to the development of domestic science.

He created “Rhetoric”, which became the first textbook of world literature in Russian. At the same time, Lomonosov came up with the “commendable word Empress Elizabeth Petrovna”, for which he received the rank of college adviser. The scientist urged them to study them together: “I did not see the Tokmo in different authors, but it is also certified by my own art that chemical experiments are connected to physical ones, special actions are shown.” For the first time, he began to read a course in “true physical chemistry” to students.

In the same year, in his chemical laboratory, Lomonosov developed a technology for manufacturing colored transparent and opaque glasses for beads, beads and mosaic paintings. Two years later, he began to build a factory for the production of colored glass. Mikhail Lomonosov combined scientific activity with the public. So the system of higher education in Russia began its formation.

Mikhail Lomonosov laid its foundations: accessibility, autonomy, fundamental, interdisciplinaryness, connection of the university with high school. He created the first university. In the year he was appointed adviser to the Academic Chancellery in St. Petersburg. In the same year, the scientist published his main work on philology - “Russian grammar”. In it, Lomonosov first divided the Russian and Church Slavonic languages, presented the laws and forms of the Russian language, classified dialects.

A year later, he issued a special study “On the benefits of church books in the Russian language”, dedicated to the teachings of literary “Stiels”. By the beginning of the x, the scientist managed the historical assembly, the geographical department, the gymnasium and the university at the Academy of Sciences. At the same time, he practiced science practically: he began to compile a large atlas of the Russian Empire of sciences, developed an atomic-corps theory of the structure of matter, explained the physical nature of color vision and the nature of cosmic bodies.

Lomonosov also created a “word about the birth of metals from shaking of the earth”, in which he suggested that stone coal came from a peat with the participation of underground fire, and his classification of earthquakes is still leading in science.In his work, the “reasoning about the greater accuracy of the sea path” explained why the self -repositive meteorological observatories should be created around the world.

In the year, he presented a “brief description of various travels along the northern seas and the testimony of the possible passage of the Siberian Ocean to the East India,” on the basis of which the expedition route was drawn up to search for a path to India through the northern seas. Lomonosov himself helped to organize it: he invented a “ninest pipe” - a large periscope for a view of the area.

However, both the first and subsequent attempts of expeditions to break through the ice were unsuccessful. However, later the new empress appreciated his scientific works and granted Lomonosov the rank of state adviser. Mikhail Lomonosov died in the year. The scientist was buried in the Lazarevsky cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Monastery. In publications.