Begin biography

By the anniversary of the birth of a politician photo of M. Begina from the archives of the NKVD after his arrest at the end of the city in the Political life of the Prime Minister of Israel in-GG. He left a very interesting book of memoirs “On White Nights”, completed in G. thanks to it, you can deeperly discover a portrait of a politician for himself, to see in many respects “another Begin”, which differs from the one that appears from the dry pages of the official biography.

The leader of the Polish “Beitar” Begin, a native of the Russian Empire, was born in Brest-Litovsk by the Grodno province, then transferred to sovereign Poland. He received Zionist education in the family. From 10 to 13 years old he was a member of the Zionist organization "Ashomer Azair". He read a lot and listened to the ideologist of the revisionist Zionism Zeev Zabotinsky, considered him his teacher.

From the age of 15 he was in the Baytar organization headed by him. He became the head of the Beitar in Poland - the structure totaled tens of thousands of people. In the city of police, he threatened to send him to the concentration camp of birch-cartoon, if such actions are repeated. After the attack of Nazi Germany on Poland, Begin invited the Polish government to form a part of the Beitarians, but did not receive support.

With his wife and family, he walked on foot from Warsaw to the eastern border of the country. For whole weeks they walked almost non -stop, under the hail of German bombs. So he came to Lithuania, to the ancient Vilnius, which the Jews called "Lithuanian Jerusalem." The dispute between communism and Zionism, after the USSR captured Lithuania, took up “prevention”: they sent all enemies of the Soviet regime and suspects of unreliability to the camps.

In September, G., as they said then in the USSR, "in the Soviet Union, unlike capitalist countries, people do not arrest people for no reason." Perhaps they were afraid. But they were undoubtedly struck by a strange scene: the communist government is arrested by their tenant-Jew! The threshold of the thresholds of the Soviet state is the threshold of the NKVD. Sitting opposite the investigator, he felt more likely not a prisoner, but an outside observer, who met the Kingdom of the NKVD, the laws of their science, with the Encavedist methods and style.

Told for yourself that rudeness and baseness around you are simultaneously material for cognition, and then you will be able to withstand the test of humiliation and remain a person. ” Begin was immediately taken from Begin, forbidden to read. The hard chair almost rests against the wall, it is not known what to do with unhappy knees, there is no food and water, and the sentry watches so that it does not sleep.

Then the prison chamber, selecting night interrogations. Threatened with tortures: “Well, are you ready to tell the truth? You know, we have funds to make you tell the truth. ” Menachem was accused of remaining in Vilnius on behalf of his organization to conduct anti -Soviet and counter -revolutionary activities. To this he replied that in his name and name his wife just came Laissez-Rasser and visas to Eretz-Israel.

They were about to leave, arresting. When Begin told about this dialogue to the neighbors in the cell, then everyone rolled with laughter. He remained in the Soviet Union - committed a crime; He wanted to leave the Soviet Union - he committed a crime. The laughter was so loud that he woke the guard behind the iron door. Interrogations were rather not interrogations, not a consequence, but a dispute.

A dispute between communism and Zionism, often turbulent, between the two worlds encountered in the office of an officer of state security. Investigators were representatives of the school who did not allow any doubts, deviations from the dogmatic faith. In the NKVD office, Begin said that Zionist leaders never thought of creating a Jewish state in Eretz Israel, not believing in such an opportunity.

And the state plan was nominated to distract Jewish youth from the revolution. Zionism is an instrument of British imperialism, giving the British a reason to the oppression of the Arab masses; It serves the international bourgeoisie, attracting Jews with its false slogans. Thus, Zionism deliberately weakens the forces of the revolution. And only the revolution is able to solve the national issue, to put an end to interethnic hostility.

So the geniuses of mankind Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin taught. And this is embodied in life in the Soviet Union, where the peoples live in fraternal friendship, where there is a Jewish autonomous region. And Begin deserted from the front of the revolution, turning to a concept that cannot be realized. And not only himself deserted, but also organized the mass flight of many Jews.

Could there be a greater gift from the bourgeoisie? He sits for this and will keep an answer! And actually arose on its own. From the blood and tears of Jews, suffering, persecution and limitless longing for the house transmitted from generation to generation. People left the rich houses, a calm life and went to a deserted country, performed any work, drained the swamps, hurt malaria, and in the name of Zion went to bonfires.

And the Beitarians are ready for the sake of the national idea of ​​risking their lives, to go to death. There was a culture of our people, our language originated. What did we sin?The desire to return the people his homeland? But he achieved that they removed the word "guilty." It remains - “I admit that it was ...” They promised him that there would be a court. But there was no court: “A special meeting at the People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs ruled that Menaham Volfovich Begin is a socially hazardous element, and sentenced him to conclude in a forced labor camp for eight years.” But there were disagreements - for example, they spoke of “Jewish solidarity” as a grave sin, an insidious conspiracy.

In every European war, with the exception of the latter, the Jews of one warring side destroyed the Jews of the other warring side. Jews are known for addiction to internal strife and many small parties and currents. How many victims are brought to this altar! And all in vain. Is our fate something exceptional? His first investigator was a Jew. But Begin quickly realized: “Even if his mother lit a candle on the eve of the day, this did not bode any concessions.” The translator from Yiddish, who was present at one of his interrogations, zealously worked for the NKVD.

And because of the Jewish guard, Begin received seven days of the Karzer. The double wall of isolation affects the Begin and the theme of political “trial” processes in Moscow and the satellites of the USSR, which affect the behavior of the accused. Perhaps they really rebelled against the rulers of their countries, making sure that they have not declared their aspirations in the viciousness of the chosen course?

After all, most of them are old experienced revolutionaries, for whom the benches of the defendants, torture and mortal risk do not represent anything new. They repeatedly encountered judges, executioners, but did not ask for mercy, continued the struggle for their ideas. What happened to them now that they were faced with Chekist executioners? Why not say: “True on our side”? If they are victims who have not committed any actions against the government, then why do not shout: “We are not guilty!

In Soviet processes, the accused refuse both ideas and life. The world is surprised: what made me make a double victim? What forced to recognize mistakes, repent, serve the executioners of the executioner? According to Begin, the usual methods of pressure in the form of torture are not decisive for obtaining "confessions". He records that his personal experience is notolor.

He was not tortured, not beaten. Only threatened with "other means." He did not admit guilt and did not appear before the court. However, he believes that the beatings cannot be explained by the public “confession” of the accused. And the decision of the riddle in other factors. Firstly, in the double wall of isolation. Above the wall of the physical insulation, even more durable and impenetrable “insulation of the regime” rises.

Under another power, there will be newspapers, leaflets will appear conveying the words of the arrested. The revolutionary fighter draws strength in the mind that his resistance will be appreciated, his victim will bring ideological benefits. But if a person knows that there is no stands, that no one will hear him, the consciousness of the importance of his mission disappears. Who will follow me?

What is the point of suffering? Self -sacrifice disappears for the sake of the idea. The second most effective factor Begin considers the imprisonment of sleep - an integral part of the investigation in the Soviet Union. Another way of breaking was invented specifically for devoted communists. Their world is destroyed. And the other for them does not exist for those who occupy large posts, and now those who are “frantic dogs” are a special depth of fall.