About Ostrovsky biography

Ostrovsky Nikolai he immortalized himself with the novel “How Steel was tempered”, which inspired young people on exploits and became a real banner of socialist realism. For several generations, the protagonist of the book Pavka Korchagin was perceived as an unconditional example to follow, as an exemplary hero who gave his life in the name of the Revolution.

Childhood and youth of Nicholas Ostrovsky The future writer was born on September 16 29 in the village of Viliya in the territory of the modern Rivne region Ukraine. Nikolai’s father-retired non-commissioned officer Alexei Ivanovich Ostrovsky-, the hero of the Balkan war-gg. Mother Olga Osipovna, a nee hate - was earned by washing and cleaning. In the year, a family, in which, in addition to Nikolai, there were three more children, moved a little south, to the city of Shepetovka.

Here is a boy who had previously graduated from a parish school, in-gg. To improve the more than modest welfare of the family, Nikolai worked from the age of 12 - first the dishwasher in the station buffet, later a warehouse loader, an assistant to the stoker. Then the romantically tuned teenager tried to escape to the front, but he was caught and returned home.

Stormy events - cg. Behind the revolutions, a civil war and endless change of power came: hetman, German occupation, Petliurians, red. The sympathies of Nikolai Ostrovsky were abbreviated as the Bolsheviks. In the year, under the German occupation and under the Petliurites, he participated in the underground work as a coherent local Revolutionary Committee. Ostrovsky fought in the ranks of the brigade of Kotovsky and in the 1st Horse Army S.

Budyonny, received severe injuries in battles on the Polish front. The life of Nikolai Ostrovsky, after demobilization in October, Ostrovsky returned to Shepetovka, where he graduated from a secondary school, then fought with banditry as part of special purposes. In the fall of the year, he moved to Kyiv and entered the electrical school. In the year, on the construction of a narrow -gauge railway near Kyiv, Nikolai infected with a rash typhus.

After recovery, he participated in the provision of a forest deposit on the Dnieper. Without letting the heavy rafts from logs to the ice, he caught a cold in the icy November water and acquired a heavy form of polyarthritis that struck the joints. In addition to everything, he suffered several attacks of return typhoid. As a result, at the age of 18, Nikolai Ostrovsky was recognized as a disabled person of the 1st group.

Despite the blows of fate, the young man participated in the Komsomol and party work as much as possible. In - gg. In the middle of the x. Ostrovsky collaborated with several newspapers and began to make sketches of the story about the fighters of the Kotovsky brigade, but in the year, when the novice writer decided to send the manuscript to the review of combat comrades, she was lost during a reverse shipping by mail.

It seemed that more and more worsening health would put a cross on the literary ambitions of Nikolai Ostrovsky: in the year its joints lost mobility, and a year later almost complete blindness came. But inconsistent will, extraordinary internal energy and faith in the rightness of their business allowed to challenge death. Ostrovsky entered the correspondence department of the Communist University.

Sverdlov, who was preparing party officials. In the year, Ostrovsky settled in Moscow and returned to a long -standing plan - began work on a book that formed in the famous novel “How Steel was tempered”. The work of Nikolai Ostrovsky at first Ostrovsky was going to create an autobiographical story, but as the work progressed, the narrative went beyond the original plan and gained independent artistic content.

The writer either worked blindly, with the help of a stencil, or dictated the text to the secretaries. By May, the novel in two parts was ready. His exit from the press in the year literally became a literary event of the year. Thousands of letters with the responses of readers who felt in the history of Pavka Korchagin a reflection of the fate of the whole generation made “how steel was tempered” with a symbol of the era.

The writer Andrei Platonov, whose youth was in many ways like the youth of Nikolai Ostrovsky, wrote that Korchagin “revealed to us the secret of our power”, and the words of the novel “... so that it was not painfully painful for aimlessly lived years ...” became a moral guideline for contemporaries. The undoubted dignity of the novel was its human beginning. It is this, and not the beauty of the language or the unusual biography of the hero, that explains the phenomenal reader's success of the book in - x.

The novel was filmed three times - in, and - gg. Unfortunately, the enhanced operation of the image of the protagonist by officialdom applied a textbook gloss on the novel, which in the post -Soviet period contributed to the perception of the book as a product of propaganda. In the summer of the year, Ostrovsky began a new work-a book about the events of the Soviet-Polish war-gg.

In letters to friends, the author himself described the future novel as anti -fascist and political. By this time, his work was recognized at the highest level: Ostrovsky was admitted to the Union of Writers of the USSR and awarded the highest Order of Lenin in the country, he was built a country house in Sochi and provided an apartment on Central Tverskaya Street in Moscow.Alas, all -Union glory could not stop a progressive disease.

The family and personal life of Nikolai Ostrovsky with his future wife Raisa Porfiryevna Matsyuk - Nikolai Ostrovsky met in the year in the south, during a trip to Novorossiysk for sanatorium treatment. Although he was exhausted by the disease and moved with crutches, the young man looked still attractive - tall, slender, brown -eyed, with magnificent wavy hair. In the year, Raisa and Nikolai got married.

The young woman stoically endured all the hardships of family life - her husband’s serious illness, endless family troubles, frequent lack of money. She became for a fading writer both a caring nurse and a literary secretary. After the death of Nikolai Ostrovsky, Raisa married his brother Dmitry, but the memory of the early departed wife kept her whole life.

Many facts of the biography of Nikolai Ostrovsky are known thanks to her memories, letters, interviews. The death and funeral of Nikolai Ostrovsky in October of the year, despite the efforts of the best doctors of the country, the writer's condition worsened sharply. Feeling the approach of death, Ostrovsky asked to convene the Presidium of the Board of the Union of Writers in his apartment to discuss the latest edits of the first volume of the novel Born by the Storm.

The newspaper Pravda came out with an obituary with a necrologist: “The Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks with a deep regret informs about the death of a member of the All-Russian Council of Companies, a talented-related writer-Hordenopian Nikolai Alekseevich Ostrovsky ...” On December 23, a farewell ceremony was held in the house of the Union of Writers, and on December 26, a urn with a clean of the Columbaria in the wall of Novodevichy was in a pine.

monastery. In the year, the remains of the writer were transferred to the grave nearby, over which a monument was erected in the year - a bas -relief with the profile of a reclining writer was supplemented by Bronze Budyonovka and a cavalry checker. Subsequently, the monuments of Ostrovsky were erected in many cities of the USSR, in honor of it they called cultural and street institutions, but the novel “How Steel was tempered” remains the best memory of him - a book on which a generation that won in the Great Patriotic War has grown.

Bibliography of the works of Nikolai Ostrovsky "Born Storm" the unfinished story - gg. In addition, Nikolai Ostrovsky became the author of several dozen newspaper articles and essays.