Stalin Lenin Biography

Stalin, as a student of Lenin and the successor of his business or about the opposition of Lenin Stalin, the word that Stalin is a faithful student and a worthy successor of Lenin’s case, constantly sounded in the publications of the X - early X. These accusations were continued at the end of the Gorbachev perestroika. Stalin was accused of exterminating the Lenin Guard and treason.

Dmitry Volkogonov in his two-volume work “Triumph and the tragedy. Political portrait of I. Stalin”, published in the year, claimed: “Stalin interpreted Leninism in the way, the dictator committed a crime against thoughts of the humanistic essence of Leninism in the Stalinist“ transformations ”was lost.” True, only 4 years later, the historian general wrote a new two-volume work “Lenin.

Political Portrait”, in which this time branded V. Lenin as an “absolute anti-humanist and anti-democrat”. It turned out that as soon as Stalin opposed Lenin and moved away from the "Leninist concept", then he did a good work. Although the general himself did not formulate such a conclusion, for him others made it praised Stalin for the "destruction of the Lenin Guard" and extolled him as a "sovereign".

At the same time, the “Radantel about the interests of Russia” was opposed by the “internationalist” by Lenin, ready, according to Volkogonov. So, where is the truth? This was recognized in his memoirs by the Georgian Menshevik R. Arsenidze, who wrote with irritation that during the years of underground Stalin "lived by the arguments of Lenin and his thoughts." Even during his first exile in the city of Stalin, he received a letter from Lenin, and in December, this meeting left an indelible impression on Stalin, and later he recalled her as an important milestone in his life.

Although the very concept of "Lenin Guard" is very conditional, Stalin, being a faithful supporter of Lenin, can rightfully be considered one of its representatives. He became part of the First Purely Bolshevik Central Committee of the Party at the Prague Conference of G. for this reason Stalin, as well as Kalinin, Sverdlov, Stasov, Shaumyan, Spandaryan, Ordzhonikidze, Petrovsky, Belostsky, who then became members and candidates for members of the Central Committee, was one of the veterans of the Lenin Guard.

It is known that none of the mentioned persons was subjected to any repression in Soviet times. It should also be noted that those defendants of the Moscow processes, who were then enlisted in the "Lenin Guard" by L. Kamenev, N. Bukharin, Yu. Pyatakov, K. Radek, G. Sokolnikov, N. Krestinsky, did not belong to the "Leninsky Guard" and L. Trotsky, who, from the moment the party was divided into two wings, waged stubborn struggle against Lenin and the Bolsheviks.

Until the summer of G., therefore, the statement about Stalin’s hatred to the “Lenin Guard” and the universal extermination of its representatives is at least inaccurate. At the same time, it cannot be said that Stalin blindly followed Lenin. So, at the Unification Congress of the party in the city of Stalin, he refused to support Lenin’s position on the agrarian issue.

Later, when publishing the first volume of his works, Stalin recognized the fallacy of these views. Stalin did not support Lenin in his philosophical disputes regarding Machism. The fact that in Soviet times, Lenin’s work “Materialism and empiriocriticism”, which contained criticism of Machism and Bogdanov, became the most important manual in the study of dialectical materialism, testified that Stalin also revised his views here.

Together with the Shaumyan and other members of the Baku Committee of the Bolsheviks, Stalin in the city of further events showed that this criticism was largely taken into account by Lenin, and the members of the Baku committee were introduced into the Party Central Committee. Disagreements between Lenin and Stalin arose in the first days after the February Revolution. Having headed the Pravda, after returning from the exile, Stalin refused to publish a number of Lenin articles from emigration, believing that he did not take into account the real situation in Russia.

Speaking at the All -Russian meeting of the Bolsheviks, held on March 27 - April 2, this position of Stalin and the Pravda led by him was criticized by Lenin after his return from emigration. Although at first Stalin did not fully support Lenin's "April" theses, he later switched entirely to Lenin's positions. There was no complete consent between Lenin and Stalin and on the predocate days.

Stalin objected to Lenin when he insisted at a speech in September G. Remembering the celebration of the Lenin Flight of Lenin, Stalin said: “Despite all the requirements of Ilyich, we did not obey him, went further along the way of strengthening the Soviets and brought the case to the Congress of the Soviets on October 25, to a successful uprising.

Ilyich was already in Petrograd. Smiling and slyly looking at us, he said: “Yes, you were probably right,” Comrade Lenin was not afraid to admit his mistakes. ”In the future, there were also disagreements between the two leaders of the Communist Party. However, in the course of many acute ideological and political clashes in the party, Stalin firmly supported Lenin’s position, protecting her from the attacks of representatives of various“ oppositions ”.Stalin never stood on opposition platforms opposing Lenin, in which Trotsky, Bukharin and many others managed to visit, which now, without any reason, are ranked to the "Lenin Guard".

It was no accident that it was Stalin Lenin that instructed the VI Congress of the Bolshevik Party in the underground in July - August, Stalin became a member of the first Soviet government, which was headed by Lenin. Stalin became part of the Bureau of the Central Committee of four, led by Lenin, "to solve the most important issues that did not require delay." From the very first days of Soviet power, Stalin decided on behalf of Lenin a wide variety of complex issues of state importance.

Apparently Stalin’s performance and his ability to quickly grasp the essence of various issues were taken into account by Lenin, when during his first short vacation, December 23, Stalin was temporarily appointed chairman of the Council of People's Commissars. Remaining the People's Commissar for Nationalities, Stalin on March 30, Stalin's activities in the People's Commissars, earned Lenin's high praise.

Responding to the Trotskyists' complaints about the prevention of them to managerial posts, Lenin remarked: “Preobrazhensky easily abandoned that Stalin in the two commissariats what we can do so that the existing position in the People's Commissariat was ensured to deal with all Turkestan, Caucasian and other questions? We need to have any of the representatives of the nation and can go in detail and in detail and in detail and To tell you where to find it?

In his letter, Ioffe, who complained that he was being transferred from one post to another, Lenin referred to Stalin, who meekly fulfilled various instructions of the party, without complaining and not capricious. The fact that Lenin considered Stalin indispensively testifies to his anxiety about the state of health of Stalin, when he had an operation in May, Lenin insisted that Stalin rest well after the operation.

The successful work of Stalin on the leadership of two People's Commissariats and the implementation of many of the most important tasks convinced Lenin that he could successfully ensure organizational work on the party’s scale. When G. Lenin fell ill and was treated in the hills in the spring, he most often turned to Stalin to discuss the issues of current policy.

Stalin visited Lenin in Gorki from May to October G., after an exacerbation of Lenin's disease, the Politburo instructed Stalin to monitor his treatment. However, the latter circumstance caused the known exacerbation of relations between Stalin and Krupskaya, and then between him and Lenin. Upon learning that Krupskaya indulges in violation of Lenin's medical regime, Stalin quite sharply reported her, and she complained to her husband.

This circumstance, aggravated by Lenin’s painful state, contributed to the fact that in his “letter to the congress” he sharply criticized Stalin for “rudeness”. In addition, Lenin considered a real threat to the split of the party. He argued that "the main thing in the issue of sustainability of the relationship between them, in my opinion, is the greater half of the danger of the split that could be avoided." Those negative qualities that, according to Lenin, were of Stalin, were of importance only from the point of view of his relationship with Trotsky: "This circumstance may seem an insignificant trifle.

But I think that from the point of view of protection from the split and from the point of view of the relationship I wrote above, it is not a trifle, or this is such a trifle that can be decisive." It was for this reason that Lenin suggested "considering the way of moving Stalin from this place and to appoint another person to this place, who in all other respects differs from Comrade.

Stalin is only tolerant, more tolerant, more loyal, more polite and more attentive to comrades, less moodiness, etc. Although these remarks of Lenin about Stalin were repeatedly used to discredit the latter, it was often carefully ignored that they did not express criticism regarding the ideological and political qualities of the Secretary General. But in relation to other prominent leaders of the party, Lenin expressed doubts about their political stamina Zinoviev and Kamenev, in understanding the foundations of Marxism Bukharin, fidelity to Bolshevism Trotsky.

After the death of Lenin, Stalin not only remained faithful to him, but his heritage. Stalin formulated the main directions of the party policy for the preservation and strengthening of the Lenin Heritage in his speech at a meeting of the Congress of Soviets of the USSR on January 26, which resembled an oath. In the cycle of lectures "On the Fundamentals of Leninism", which were read by Stalin at the University of Sverdlovsk in early April, he outlined the principles of Leninist theory and practice.As in his "oath", in this work, Stalin identified the Leninist principles, which guided the RCP B and the Soviet state of the dictatorship of the proletariat, the union of workers and peasants, the Union of the peoples of the USSR, the unity of the party, and devoted individual chapters to them.

He also illuminated such aspects of Leninism as his “historical roots”, “method”, “theory”, “strategy and tactics” and “style in work”. This work helped members of the party, especially beginners, to see the slender order in many works written by Lenin, to gain a clear understanding of the Leninist policy of the party, its goals, methods of its activity. Referring to Leninist statements, Stalin convinced that the Soviet country was not accidental, but due to deep historical laws, became the first country to discover the new era of human development.